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Beyond Blue Anti Racism campaign
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It wasn't until the late 1940s and early 1950s that
10,000 Lithuanian migrants came to Australia. Most
of them were refugees, who had fled from Lithuania in
or around 1944, to escape the second Soviet occupation
of their country (1944-1990).
These immigrants initially saw Australia as a temporary
stopover, because they were hoping to return home soon.
They were convinced that the Americans would come to
Lithuania's aid. However, as we all know, a shroud of
silence was thrown by the West over the Soviet occupation
of the Baltic States. Their hopes were not fulfilled.
Lithuanians were not brought to Australia with "no
strings attached." They came as indentured labour
and had to sign two year contracts (strictly enforced)
to work where directed - even if it meant that families
were split up.
On arrival in Australia, all Lithuanian
migrants were classified in only two occupations:
"labourers" which denoted all males, and "domestics,"
which meant all females. Although the Australian
employment officials had full details of each immigrant's
skills and qualifications, no effort was made to match
these with the jobs offering. The Australian authorities
enforced labour contracts strictly.
Some unable to work in their professions or having found
the climate too trying, went overseas. According to some
sources, up to 2,000 re-settled in the USA. Similar
numbers went back to Germany, and several other countries
to live permanently.
By 1996, the number of Lithuanians in Australia had
dwindled down from 10,000 to 4,222, that is, 0.00024 per cent
of the total Australian population of 17,752.882.
One could also try and argue that the indentured contract
scheme was equally beneficial to Australia and to Lithuanian
migrants. One could say, for example, that Australia benefited
becaue the migrants solved its acute labour shortage in
key areas, while the migrants benefited, too by being
assured of jobs and having an opportunity to settle in a new
country.
This argument is difficult to sustain.
Australia was the last country to enter the International
Refugee Organisation's re-settlement scheme and political
rhetoric aside,
"Economic expedience was by far the stronger motivation."